Convertible hard side shelter

ABSTRACT

A hard side shelter is convertible between transport and deployed modes. When in the transport mode, the shelter has an envelope identical to an ISO-cargo container. A side section floor and cover are each connected to the center section for rotating between being coplanar with the center section floor and roof when in the deployed mode, and being vertical and lying in a center section side planes when in a transport mode. Each side section has end and middle panels that are turnable relative to each other, and a door assembly that is turnable relative to the middle panels. Locking bars engaged the center section floor when the shelter is in a transport mode, and engage the side section floors when the shelter is in the deployed mode. The shelter is handleable by pallet handling systems and includes insulation panels to enhance the heat transfer characteristics of the shelter.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. Non-Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 13/589,766, filed Aug. 20, 2012, which is a continuation of U.S. Non-Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 13/160,720, filed Jun. 15, 2011, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,245,455, which is a continuation of U.S. Non-Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 12/174,850, filed Jul. 17, 2008, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,966,755, which claims priority as a continuation-in-part of U.S. Ser. No. 10/957,473, filed on Oct. 4, 2004, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,874,107, the entirety of which are each expressly hereby incorporated by reference herein.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention pertains to portable shelters, and more particularly to hard side shelters that convert into different sizes for transportation and use.

2. Description of the Related Art

It is a well known practice to ship goods in International Standards Organization (ISO) containers. Such containers are very large, having nominal exterior dimensions of 19 feet 10½ inches long, eight feet wide, and eight feet high. The containers have fixed floors, roofs, and ends. Access to the container interior is through folding doors on both sides. The doors are locked closed by locking bars that engage tabs in the container floor and roof. The containers include an end bar and rails under the floor that are part of known pallet handling systems.

In theory, ISO containers could be used as hard side shelters for persons and equipment. However, despite their large size, they nevertheless are too small for some shelter purposes. For example, there is a need for shelters that are suitable for repairing large motor vehicle tires in the field. As is known, maintaining the tires of motor vehicles is mandatory for successful operation of the vehicles. A particularly difficult problem associated with tire maintenance concerns military trucks. Those trucks often operate off-road, in rough terrain, and far from repair facilities. A tire failure could jeopardize not only the truck crew in hostile areas, but even the success of the mission of which the truck is a part.

Repairing military truck tires is a difficult task. The tires and their rims and wheels are very heavy, so they require mechanical assistance to handle them. Failures associated with heavy truck tires are varied and severe, so a wide variety of large and heavy repair equipment has to be available. Finally, it is vital that the repair equipment either be located close to where the tire damage occurs, or be able to quickly reach the location of the damaged truck. That means that the repair equipment must be able to travel with the trucks to remote and rugged places. Because of the size of the tire repair equipment and the working room required around them, conventional ISO containers are not suitable as tire repair workshops.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In accordance with the present invention, a hard side shelter is provided that converts between a transport mode and a deployed mode. This is accomplished by apparatus that includes a center section, and two side sections that selectively fold into and out of the center section.

The center section is preferably constructed with an envelope that is the size and shape of a conventional International Standards Organization (ISO) cargo container. When in the transport mode, the side sections fold into the center section such that the entire hard side shelter has the envelope of an ISO container. When in the transport mode, the convertible hard side shelter can be stacked, handled, and transported in the same way as ISO containers. When in the deployed mode, the side sections unfold from the sides of the center section to greatly increase the interior space available for personnel and equipment.

The center section is comprised of a sturdy frame having horizontal beams and vertical corner posts. The corner posts define vertical side planes and vertical end planes of the center section. The center section has a rigid roof and a rigid floor. At least one end of the center section has an opening and an end door. The second center section end may also have an opening and an end door, or the second end may be permanently closed. If the second end is permanently closed, the center section may include an end bar on the closed end and floor channels that enable the convertible hard side shelter to be handled by a conventional pallet handling system.

The center section end door may be a single end door or a double end door which can be vertical or horizontal double doors. The single end door is composed of a top door hinged to the frame near the roof and a bottom door hinged to the frame near the floor. The top and bottom doors pivot about respective horizontal axes. When the single end door is open, the top and bottom doors are generally horizontal and parallel to the center section roof and floor, respectively. When the single end door is closed, the top and bottom doors are vertical and lie in the associated center section end plane. The double end door is composed of the top and bottom doors hinged near the roof and floor, respectively, plus a pair of outer doors that are hinged to associated corner posts for pivoting about respective vertical axes. When the double end door is open, the top and bottom doors are horizontal and generally parallel to the center section roof and floor, respectively, and the outer doors are generally parallel to the side section side planes. When the double end door is closed, the top and bottom doors are vertical and lie generally in the associated center section end plane, and the two outer doors are also generally in the center section end plane and lie adjacent and outside of the top and bottom doors.

Each side section is comprised of a rigid floor, and a number of relatively turnable panels. In the preferred embodiment, the side section panels include a pair of larger end panels, to accommodate for the same width of the fold down rigid floor, a pair of smaller middle panels, and a door assembly. The side section floor is rotatably connected to the center section. Each end panel is turnably mounted along one edge thereof to a center section corner post. A second edge of each end panel is turnably mounted to a first edge of a middle panel. Second edges of the middle panels are turnably mounted to opposite edges of the door assembly. According to one aspect of the invention, the door assembly is comprised of first and second door frames. The first door frame contains one or more side doors that swing about respective vertical axes. The second door frame has a filler panel. The two door frames are attachable to and detachable from each other. Each of the end and middle panels and the door assembly has at least one locking door.

When the convertible hard side shelter is in the deployed mode, the side sections are outside of vertical side planes of the center section. Each side section floor is rotated to be generally coplanar with the center section floor. Each end panel is parallel to the center section end planes. The middle panels, as well as the door assembly, are perpendicular to the end panels. The locking bars engage the side section floors to lock the side sections rigidly to the center section. A cover extends from the center section roof to the top edges of the end and middle panels and the door assembly. Thus, each side section is a space bounded by the side section floor, two end panels, two middle panels, the door assembly, and the cover. The side sections are open to the interior of the center section. To maintain cleanliness inside the convertible hard side shelter from outside contaminants, the joints between the end panels and the center section corner posts, and the joints between the end and middle panels, are covered with flexible seals. When the convertible hard side shelter is in the deployed mode, personnel and equipment can enter and leave through the side section doors.

To convert the hard side shelter from the deployed mode to the transport mode, the covers are removed from over the side sections and allowed to hang vertically generally in the center section side planes. One edge of each side section door assembly is disconnected from the associated middle panel. If the door assembly has two door frames, the door frames are detached from each other instead of from a middle panel. The locking bars of the end and middle panels and the door assemblies are disengaged from the side section floors. The door assemblies are turned away from the center section such that they are not over the side section floors. Each side section floor is rotated to be parallel to and proximate a respective center section side plane. One or more winches may be used to assist rotating the side section floors. The winches are received in ISO locks in the center section corner posts. Slide locks or the like engage the center section frame to retain the side section floors vertical.

The door assemblies are then turned toward the center section and flat against the respective adjacent middle panels. The end and middle panels are turned to lie generally within a center section side plane and alongside the associated side section floor. The end and middle panels thus form the sides of the hard side shelter when it is in the transport mode. The locking bars on the end and middle panels then engage the center section frame to lock the end and middle panels to the center section frame. The result is a rigid hard side shelter having the envelope of an ISO cargo container. The convertible hard side shelter is then ready for handling and shipping in the same manner as an ISO container.

It is an important feature of the invention that the convertible hard side shelter is equipped with any of a wide variety of tools and machinery suitable to carry out particular desired tasks. For example, the convertible hard side shelter may be used as an office, kitchen, or medical station. A particularly important use for the convertible hard side shelter is as a tire maintenance workshop for heavy duty trucks. In that case, such items as an engine-driven generator, welding machine, air compressor, and tire repair tools are incorporated into the convertible hard side shelter. To assist moving such heavy items as the engine-generator set, the floor and bottom end door may have rails fixed to them. The engine-generator set is supported on a wheeled cart that rolls along the rails to locate the engine-generator set outside of the center section. Other tools and machinery may be arranged to fit entirely within the center section for transporting purposes and to be movable into the side sections when the hard side shelter is converted into the deployed mode.

In the preferred embodiment, a wall panel is built into the cart that supports the engine-generator set. The wall panel has peripheral seals that match the opening of the center section at the end door. When the cart is outside of the center section, the wall panel covers and seals the center section end opening. In that way, noise, dirt, and fumes associated with the outside environment and the engine-generator set are blocked from reaching inside the convertible hard side shelter.

The method and apparatus of the invention, using a center section that is based on a conventional ISO cargo container, thus enables a hard side shelter to be set up in the field. The convertible hard side shelter is convertible between a transport mode suitable for transporting, and a deployed mode suitable for a variety of functions such as a fully equipped tire maintenance workshop.

Other advantages, benefits, and features of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the detailed description of the invention and studying the drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the front end and road side of the convertible hard side shelter in the transport mode;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the back end and curb side of the convertible hard side shelter in the transport mode;

FIG. 3 is a broken view of the curb side of the convertible hard side shelter in the transport mode;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the front end of the convertible hard side shelter with the road side section in the deployed mode and the curb side section in a partially deployed mode;

FIG. 5 is a view similar to FIG. 4 but showing the back end of the convertible hard side shelter;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the convertible hard side shelter in the fully deployed mode;

FIG. 7 is a broken top view of the convertible hard side shelter in the transport mode;

FIG. 8 is a broken top view of the convertible hard side shelter in the deployed mode;

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the bottom of the convertible hard side shelter in the partially deployed mode;

FIG. 10 is a top view of the convertible hard side shelter showing it in the transport mode and equipped to function as a tire maintenance workshop;

FIG. 11 is a view similar to FIG. 10, but showing the convertible hard side shelter in the deployed mode;

FIG. 12 is a view similar to FIG. 5, but showing an open double end door of the center section;

FIG. 13 is a view similar to FIG. 2 but showing the double end door of FIG. 12 closed;

FIG. 14 is a broken perspective view showing the wall panel mounted to the cart that supports the engine-generator set;

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view on an enlarged scale taken along line 15-15 of FIG. 7;

FIG. 16 is a perspective view showing winches used to assist rotating the side section floors;

FIG. 17 is a partial cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 15, but showing the cover of the invention in the deployed mode;

FIG. 18 is a partially broken away cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of a cover of the convertible hard side shelter;

FIG. 19 is a partially broken away isometric view of the cover of FIG. 18 in a deployed configuration;

FIG. 20 is a partially broken away isometric view of the cover of FIG. 18 in a transport configuration;

FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of an insulation panel that can be used with the shelter;

FIG. 22 is a partially-broken away, isometric view of a second embodiment of the insulation panel of the present invention;

FIG. 23 is a side plan view of a cover of one side section a shelter formed according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 24 is a cross-sectional view of a the shelter of FIG. 23 with one side in a transport mode and one side in a partially deployed mode;

FIG. 25 is partially broken away sectional view of a bracket assembly connecting a cover section to the container in a transport mode;

FIG. 26 is a partially broken away sectional view of the bracket assembly of FIG. 25 connecting a cover section to the container in a deployed mode; and

FIG. 27 is a partially broken away side plan view showing the cover sections locked to the container in a transport mode.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Although the disclosure hereof is detailed and exact to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention, the physical embodiments herein disclosed merely exemplify the invention, which may be embodied in other specific structure. The scope of the invention is defined in the claims appended hereto.

General

Referring first to FIGS. 1-3, a convertible hard side shelter 1 is illustrated that includes the present invention. The convertible hard side shelter 1 is particularly useful for performing heavy duty repair work at remote locations. However, it will be understood that the invention is not limited to maintenance related applications. On the contrary, the invention is also eminently suitable for such diverse uses as food preparation, medical procedures, restrooms, and offices. In FIGS. 1-3 and 7, the convertible hard side shelter 1 is shown in a transport mode. FIGS. 6, 8, and 9 show the convertible hard side shelter in a deployed mode, as will be fully explained. In the preferred embodiment, the convertible hard side shelter 1, when in the transport mode, has the exterior dimensions of a conventional International Standards Organization (ISO) cargo container. In the case, the convertible hard side shelter has an exterior length of 19 feet 10½ inches, a height of eight feet, and a height of eight feet. When in the transport mode, the convertible hard side shelter is handleable by a conventional pallet handling system as are known to persons working in the cargo container industry. Further, the convertible hard side shelters in the transport mode are stackable in the same way as conventional ISO cargo containers. To convert it from the transport mode to the deployed mode, the convertible hard side shelter 1 has a curb side section 3 and a substantially identical road side section 5. The side sections 3 and 5 fold and unfold relative to a center section 7. When the side sections are folded into the center section 7, the convertible hard side shelter has the exterior dimensions of an ISO cargo container mentioned above.

Center Section

The center section 7 is comprised of a sturdy frame 9 having horizontal and vertical beams. Looking especially at FIGS. 4 and 9, the particular frame 9 has bottom longitudinal beams 11, bottom transverse beams 13, top longitudinal beams 17, and top transverse beams 19. The frame further has four corner posts 15A, 15Bi 15C, and 15D collectively referred to as reference numeral 15. The corner posts 15A, 15D and 15B, 15C define opposed vertical side planes of the center section that are indicated by reference numerals 20, FIG. 7. The corner posts 15A, 15B and 15C, 15D define center section end planes 22. A rigid floor 21 covers the bottom beams 11 and 13. A rigid roof 23 with an overhang covers the top longitudinal beams 17 and 19. It is a feature of the convertible hard side shelter 1 that it is compatible with known pallet handling systems or load handling systems. For that purpose, the front end 24 of the center section 7 is manufactured with a strong bar 25 supported on its opposite ends by an A-frame 27. Preferably, the A-frame 27 terminates at vertical beams 29 that tie into a top transverse beam 19. The front end 24 of the center section is closed by a wall 34.

Also parts of the convertible hard side shelter 1 are a pair of channels 30 under the frame bottom transverse beams 13. The channels 30 are spaced and configured to suit conventional pallet handling systems. The channels cooperate with the bar 25 to enable efficient handling of the convertible hard side shelter by known pallet handling machinery. The back end 31 of the center section 7 is designed with an end opening 32 to provide access to the interior of the convertible hard side shelter 1, FIG. 5. In the illustrated construction, there is an end door 33 at the opening 32. The end door 33 is comprised of a top door 35 that is hinged to a frame top transverse beam 19 for pivoting about a horizontal axis. A bottom door 37 is hinged to a frame bottom transverse beam 13 for pivoting about another horizontal axis. When the top and bottom doors 35 and 37, respectively, are open, they are generally parallel to the roof 23 and floor 21. When the doors 35 and 37 are open, the bottom door is held in place by heavy chains 38 secured to the frame 9. The top door is held open by gas-activated shock absorbers 42. When the top and bottom doors are closed, they lie generally in the center section end plane 22. Both doors are locked in place when closed by associated locking bars 39. The locking bars 39 may be constructed along the lines of the locking bars used on the doors of semi-trailers used in the trucking industry. The locking bars selectively engage and disengage tabs, not shown, on the frame corner posts 15.

Cover

Turning briefly to FIGS. 5, 7, and 15, the convertible hard side shelter 1 comprises a cover 66 associated with each side section 3 and 5. Each cover 66 has a heavy tarp 78 hung from the top longitudinal beam 17 by suitable small plates and fasteners 80. A long angle 18 is fastened to the tarp 78 at a distance from the top beam. Several C-clamps, not shown in FIG. 5, 7, or 15, are built into the angle 18.

Side Sections

Looking especially at FIGS. 4-6, 8, and 9, the curb side section 3 and road side section 5 are comprised of a number of vertical panels collectively indicated at reference numeral 38 that are turnably mounted to each other. The curb side section and road side section are substantially identical. Accordingly, the following description of the curb side section is deemed adequate to also describe the road side section.

The panels 38 include a pair of end panels 40, a pair of middle panels 41, and a door assembly 43. Each side section 3 and 5 also has a rigid floor 44. Each end panel 40 has a first edge 45 that is turnably mounted to a center section corner post 15. A second edge 47 of each end panel is turnably mounted to a first edge 49 of a middle panel 41. A second edge 51 of each middle panel is turnably mounted to an opposite edge 53 or 55 of the door assembly 43. The floor 44 is connected to the center section, such as to frame bottom longitudinal beam 11, for rotating about a horizontal axis 26.

In the illustrated construction, the door assembly 43 is made up of a first door frame 57 and a second door frame 59. The first door frame 57 has a filler panel 60. The second door frame 59 is depicted as having two side doors 69 that swing about respective vertical axes, but a single side door is also within the scope of the invention. If desired, one of the side doors 69 may be a bi-fold door. The first door frame 57 has the door assembly edge 53, and the second door frame has the door assembly edge 55. As illustrated, the first door frame has a second edge 61, and the second door frame has a 3econd edge 63. The door assembly also includes latches 70 between the first and second door frames. The latches 70 enable the two door frame edges 61 and 63 to attach to and detach from each other.

The floor 44, the pairs of end and middle panels 40 and 41, respectively, and the door assembly 43 of each side section 3 and 5 are foldable to convert the convertible hard side shelter 1 between the transport and deployed modes. Each of the end and middle panels and door assemblies has at least one locking bar 65. The locking bars 65 may be constructed generally along the lines of the locking bars 39 used on the center section end doors 35 and 37. To prevent contaminants from passing between the center section corner posts 15 and the end panel edges 45, flexible but massive seals, partially shown at reference numeral 68, cover the joints between the corner posts and the end panel edges 45. Similar seals, partially shown at reference numeral 71, cover the joints between the end panel edges 47 and the middle panel edges 49.

As mentioned, FIGS. 6, 8, and 9 show the convertible hard side shelter 1 in the deployed mode. In the deployed mode, the entire side sections 3 and 5 are outside of the center section side planes 20. Specifically, the end panels 40 are parallel to the center section end plane 22. The middle panels 41 are perpendicular to the end panels. The door assembly edges 61 and 63 are attached to each other, and the door assembly 43 is coplanar with the middle panels. The side section floor 44 is rotated about the horizontal axis 26 to be coplanar with the center section floor 21. The locking bars 65 engage tabs in the side section floor to lock the end and middle panels and the door assembly to the side section floor. As a result, the side sections 3 and 5 become rigid with the center section 7. The seals 68 and 71 prevent outside contaminants from entering the convertible hard side shelter through the joints between the center section center posts 15 and the end panels, or through the joints between the end and middle panels.

The cover 66 is extended between the center section roof 23 and the common top edges 67 of the end and middle panels 40 and 41, respectively, and the door assembly 43. FIG. 17 shows the cover in the deployed mode. The tarp 78 is wrapped upwardly against the top longitudinal beam 17, and the angle 18 is secured to the roof overhang by means of several C-clamps 82 that are built into the angle. Three free edges of the tarp are folded over the top edges 67 of the end and middle panels and door assembly and held in place, such as with hook and eye fastening tape.

When in the deployed mode, a preferred embodiment of the invention has a total exterior width of approximately 19 feet eight inches. The convertible hard side shelter 1 in the deployed mode thus provides a sealed interior space that is much larger than the interior space of the center section 7 alone. Access to the interior is through the end door 33 and the side doors 69 in the second door frame 59.

Conversion

To convert the convertible hard side shelter 1 from the deployed mode of FIGS. 6, 8, and 9 to the transport mode of FIGS. 1-3 and 7, the covers 66 are removed from the side section end panels 40, middle panels, 41, and door assembly 43. The C-clamps 82 are removed from the roof 23, and the tarp 78 is allowed to hang vertically, FIG. 15. The locking bars 65 are disengaged from the side section floor 44. The door assembly edges 61 and 63 are detached from each other. The end panels, middle panels, and door assembly are turned so as to not overlie the side section floors 44. Each side section floor is rotated upwardly to lie parallel to and proximate a vertical side plane 20. Alternatively, the floors 44 can be manually lowered with removable hand crank winches 84 that are fastened to the center of the roof 23 halfway between the forward wall and the rear wall for even distribution of the rigid floor. To assist rotating the side section floor, one or more winches 84 may be employed. See FIG. 16. The winches 84 are received in known ISO locks at the top ends of the corner posts 15. Flexible cables 86 from the winches are removably hooked to the side section floor.

To retain the side section floor 44 vertical, it is provided with conventional slide locks 72. As seen in FIG. 15, the slide locks 72 engage the top longitudinal beam 17. However, the slide locks may engage the corner posts 15 instead, if desired. After the side section floor is properly retained, the cables 86 are unhooked from the floor, and the winches 84 are removed from the ISO locks. The winches and cables are also used to rotate the side section floors downwardly when the convertible hard side shelter 1 is converted back to the deployed mode.

The first door frame 57 is turned toward the center section 7 to lie flat against the adjacent middle panel 41. The other door frame 59 is turned to lie flat against the other middle panel. The middle panels are turned to be coplanar with the end panels 40. The end panels are turned on the center section corner posts is to lie alongside the associated side section floor 44. FIG. 15 shows heavy seals 101 on the end and middle panels that abut the top longitudinal beam 17.

The entire door assembly 43 thus lies generally within the center section side plane 20. Then the locking bars 65 are engaged with tabs 76 in the center section longitudinal beams 11 and 17. The end and middle panels 40 and 41, respectively, thus lock to the center section 7 and become rigid sides for the center section, and the entire convertible hard side shelter 1 has the envelope of an ISO container, FIG. 7. The convertible hard side shelter is then in the transport mode, ready to be handled by conventional pallet handling systems for stacking, shipping, and other handling operations.

Fire Maintenance Workshop

The convertible hard side shelter 1 is suitable for a wide variety of purposes. For example, it may be used to shelter military personnel at remote locations. It also is eminently useful for storing equipment and supplies at a remote site. An especially important use of the convertible hard side shelter is as a tire maintenance workshop. Looking at FIG. 10, the convertible hard side shelter is shown in the transport mode and equipped with machinery and tools for repairing heavy duty truck tires. The machinery may include a tire mounter and demounter schematically represented at reference numeral 73. Other machinery includes a press 75, air compressor 77, air reservoir 79, engine-generator set 81, safety cage 83, and tool box 85. In addition, such auxiliary equipment as a heat pump 87 can be incorporated into the convertible hard side shelter. Other infrastructure may include a fluorescent lighting system and an overhead crane or a jib crane built into the center section 7.

It is an important feature of the invention that some of the tire maintenance equipment is permanently installed in the convertible hard side shelter 1. For instance, in FIG. 10 the tire mounter and demounter 73 is installed to the center section floor 21 try a pivot pin 89. The press 75 is installed to the floor by another pivot pin 91. The pivot pins 89 and 91 enable the tire mounter and demounter and the press, respectively, to be permanently located within the center section 7, but to have different angular positions. 10 FIG. 10, all the equipment is shown in a storage location, fitting completely within the center section.

In FIG. 11 the convertible hard side shelter 1 is shown in the deployed mode, and the tire maintenance equipment is shown in their working locations. Specifically, the tire mounter and demounter 73 are rotated 90 degrees about the pivot pin 89 relative to its stored location of FIG. 10. Similarly, the press 75 is at 90 degrees about its pivot pin 91 relative to its stored position. FIG. 11 also shows a pair of rails 93 fixed to the center section floor 21 and matching rails 92 on the bottom door 37. The engine-generator set 81 is placed on a wheeled cart 94 that rolls along the rails 92 and 93.

The extra space provided by the side sections 3 and 5 enables the tire repair equipment to be spaced apart and thereby provide ample working space for personnel performing tire maintenance. On the other hand, when the tire repair operations are needed at a different place, the equipment is returned to the storage locations of FIG. 10 for safe and efficient transport. A particularly important aspect of the present invention is that the center section opening 32 is coverable even when the end door 33 is open. Turning to FIG. 14, the center section back end 31 is shown with the end door open, thus providing access to the interior or the convertible hard side shelter 1. For clarity, the top door 35 is not shown. The cart 94 for the engine-generator set 81 (not illustrated in FIG. 14) is rolled onto the bottom door 37 along the rails 92 and 93. To cover the opening 32, a wall panel 96 is built into the cart 94 and rolls with it. The wall panel 96 has a size and shape that substantially matches the opening 32. When the cart is rolled onto the bottom door, the wall panel covers the opening 32. A seal 99 around the wall panel periphery helps to seal the interior of the convertible hard side shelter 1 from the noise and fumes of the engine-generator set 81 as well as from atmospheric pollutants.

Alternate Embodiments

As described thus far, the convertible hard side shelter 1 is constructed with the bar 25 and channels 30 that enable it to be handled by a conventional pallet loading system. The versatility of the invention is such that both center section ends 24 and 31 may be provided with end doors 33, thereby eliminating the bar 25. FIGS. 12 and 13 show a convertible hard side shelter 1′ according to a second embodiment of the invention. The convertible hard side shelter 1′ is constructed with a double end door 95 at both ends 24 and 31. It will be understood, of course, that a double end door 95 may be at only one end 24 or 31, if desired. The double end door is comprised of top and bottom doors 35′ and 37′, respectively, that may be substantially identical to the doors 35 and 37 described previously in connection with FIGS. 1-11. The double end door further comprises a pair of outer doors 97. Each outer door 97 is hinged to an associated corner post 15 for pivoting about a respective vertical axis. Each outer door includes at least one locking bar 65.

FIG. 12 shows the double end doors 95 open. In that situation the top doors 35′ are generally parallel to the center section roof 23, the bottom doors 37′ are generally coplanar with the center section floor 21, and the outer doors 97 are generally parallel to the center section side planes 20 (FIG. 8). FIG. 13 shows the double doors closed. The top and bottom doors 35′ and 37′, respectively, are vertical and are within the center section end planes 22. The outer doors are also generally within the end planes 22 and lie adjacent and outside of the top and bottom doors. The locking bars 65 securely lock the outer doors to the center section beams 13 and 19. The double end doors thus effectively seal the interior of the convertible hard side shelter 1′ from outside contaminants such as sand and fumes.

Referring now to FIGS. 18-20, a second embodiment of the shelter 1″ is illustrated in which the shelter 1″ includes cover panels 100 on each side of the shelter 1″ in place of the tarp 78. The cover panels 100 each include a rigid exterior wall 102 formed of a suitable material, such as a metal, and preferably a relatively lightweight, but durable metal such as aluminum, and is positioned on the outside of the cover panel 100. The exterior wall 102 also includes a number of reinforcing ribs 104 disposed on an interior surface of the wall 102 and extending along the length of the exterior wall 102. Each reinforcing rib 104 is formed of a generally rigid material, such as a metal, and preferably steel or aluminum, such that the ribs 104 can be either integrally formed with the exterior wall 102, or separately formed and later secured in a suitable manner to the wall 102, such as by welding.

In addition to be positioned on the exterior wall 102, the reinforcing ribs 104 are secured at each end to a pair of reinforcing bars 106 located at each end of exterior wall 102 and extending perpendicularly to the ribs 104. The bars 106 are formed similarly to the ribs 104 and are secured to both the ribs 104 and the exterior wall 102 in a similar manner. The bars 106 provide additional strength and rigidity to the exterior wall 102, allowing the wall 102 to provide increased functionality as an exterior protective surface for the shelter 1″.

Adjacent a top end 107 of the cover panel 100, each rib 104 includes a pair of securing arms 108 each secured to the rib 104 by an offset 109 that extends inwardly from the rib 104 as best shown in FIG. 19. The offset 109 is secured to both the associated rib 104 and to the adjacent bar 106 in order to provide a stable configuration for the arms 108. Preferably the arms 108 and offsets 109 are formed of the same or a similar material as the ribs 104 and the bars 106, such that the arms 108 and offsets 109 can be integrally formed with one another, and with the ribs 104 and/or bars 106, or securely attached to the ribs 104 and/or bar 106 in a suitable manner, such as by welding.

The offset 109 is configured to locate the arm 108 with regard to the exterior wall 102 inwardly from, but parallel to the wall 102, for purposes to be described. Opposite the offset 109, each arm 108 includes a tab 110 that extends outwardly from the arm 108 generally perpendicular to the arm 108 and the exterior wall 102. The tabs 110 each include an opening 112 therein, with the tabs 110 and associated arms 108 on each rib 104 defining a channel 114 therebetween. The opposed tabs 110 disposed on each rib 104 are positioned on opposite sides of a pivot bracket 116 secured to the center section roof 23 of the shelter 1″. The pivot brackets 116 each include a base section 118 disposed against the center section roof 23 and an outer section 120 extending outwardly perpendicular to the base section 118. Preferably the brackets 116 are formed of a rigid material capable of handling the forces exerted on the bracket 116 due to the movement o the cover panels 100 with regard to the brackets 116, such as a metal, which also enables the brackets 116 to be easily secured to the center section roof 23 in a suitable manner, e.g., by welding. The outer section 120 has an elongate aperture 122 formed therein that extends generally parallel to the cover 66.

To attach the tabs 110, and thus the cover panel 100, to the brackets 116, the openings 112 within the tabs 110 are aligned with the elongate aperture 122 in the brackets 116 and a pivot pin 124 is inserted therethrough and secured to each tab 110. With the pivot pin 124 extending through the bracket 116 and fixed to each tab 110, the arms 108 are secured to the center section roof 23 via the brackets 116, but can also pivot within the apertures 122 with regard to the brackets 116 and the center section roof 23 using the pivot pins 124 disposed within the apertures 122 of each bracket 116. Further, because of the shape of the elongate apertures 122 in the brackets 116, the pivot pins 124, arms 108 and cover panel 100 can be slid laterally with regard to the brackets 116 and the center section roof 23.

Referring now to FIGS. 18 and 20, the storage or transport configuration of the shelter 1″ has the cover panels 100 extending downwardly from the brackets 116 generally vertically within the interior of the shelter 1″ of the various panels 38 and floor sections 44 on each side of the shelter 1″ as discussed previously. The cover panel 100 can be fixed in this position by a suitable locking mechanism (not shown) engaged between the cover panel 100 and one or more of the center section roof 23, the side panels 38, the floor sections 44 or the center section frame 9. Once the panels 38 and floor sections 44 have been reconfigured outside of the shelter 1 into the deployed or use configuration for the shelter 1″, the cover panels 100 are initially slid laterally along the apertures 122 in the brackets 116 to position the cover panel 100 outwardly with regard to the shelter 1″ to move the cover panels 100 out of the interior of the shelter 1″. From this position, the cover panel 100 is pivoted about the pivot pins 124 in each bracket 116 to move the cover panel 100 from the generally vertical transport configuration into a generally horizontal deployed configuration, such as by utilizing a suitable winch 350 mounted to the interior of the shelter 1, preferably in the roof, which can be mechanically or hand operated, or by manually pivoting the cover panels 100. The shape of the offsets 109 on each rib 104 is sufficient to enable the arms 108 to be disposed below and parallel to the center section roof 23 when the cover panel 100 is in the horizontal position, while also allowing the exterior wall 102 of the panel to be positioned generally coplanar with the center section roof 23. In this generally horizontal configuration, the bar 106 adjacent the top end 107 of the cover panel 100 is spaced slightly outwardly from the side of the cover 66 of the shelter 1″. The cover panel 100 can then be slid inwardly towards the shelter 1″ in the horizontal position to contact the bar 106 with the center section roof 23. In this position, the end of the cover panel 100 opposite the shelter 1″ is disposed in alignment with the outer edges of the side panels 38, such that the cover panel 100 can be secured to the side panels 38 using a suitable locking mechanism (not shown) to provide a rigid roof surface for the outwardly extending side sections of the shelter 1″ with additional durability and protection from the elements for these portions of the shelter 1″.

Additionally, the shelter 1 in any of the previously mentioned configurations can also include insulation panels 200 as best shown in FIGS. 21 and 22. Because the materials from which the major structural components of the shelter 1 are formed, e.g., metals, have high heat transfer coefficients, such that the materials heat up and cool down quickly, insulation panels 200 can be secured to any or all of the various exterior or interior surfaces of the shelter 1 to enhance the heat-retaining or heat-reflecting properties of one or more of the roof, side walls and floors of the shelter 1. The insulation panels 200 include a planar, first insulating section 202 that extends over the entire interior or exterior surface of the shelter 1, and a second insulating section 204 having a generally non-planar configuration. The second section 204, in a preferred embodiment, is generally tapered, e.g., trapezoidal, in shape with a wide end 206 secured to the first insulating section 202 and a narrow end 208 located opposite the wide end 206. This configuration for the second insulating section 204 conforms to the corrugations (not shown) present in the various surfaces of the shelter 1. However, other configurations for the insulation 200 are also possible, such as different cross-sectional shapes for the second section 204 to conform to different features of the interior and/or exterior surfaces of the walls of the shelter 1. Additionally, the second section 204 can be formed separately or integrally with the first section 202, such that in certain embodiments the second section 204 can be omitted entirely.

The particular insulating materials utilized in the formation of either or both of the first section 202 and the second section 204 can be any suitable insulating materials that have sufficient heat resistant properties and that have a relatively light weight so as not to add significant weight to the overall shelter 1. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the first section 202 is formed of a polyurea, polyurethane or similar material, while the second section 204 is formed of closed cell foam, such as polyethylene foam, polyurethane foam, polystyrene foam, or a similar material. To secure the insulation panels 200 to the various surfaces of the shelter 1, any suitable securing means can be applied between the panel 200 and the respective surface, such as a dual sided tape 210. Also, the foam material forming he first section 202 and/or the second section 204 can simply be sprayed directly onto the shelter 1 and subsequently shaped to conform to the desired shape for the shelter 1. This process can eliminate the need for the tape 210 or other securing means.

In addition, as best shown in FIG. 22, the insulation 200 can include other materials 212 disposed on the exterior or interior of the first section 204, such as a layer 214 of Kevlar to provide ballistic protection to the shelter 1, as well as an encapsulating layer 216, preferably formed of polyurea which provides a membrane sealing layer to the entire insulation layer 200 on the portion of the shelter 1.

Referring now to FIGS. 23-27, a third embodiment of the shelter 1′″ is illustrated in which the shelter 1′″ includes cover panels 300 on each side of the shelter 1′″. The cover panels 300 disposed on either side of the shelter 1′″ each are formed of a number of separate cover sections 301 connected to the center section roof 23. Each section 301 include a rigid exterior wall 302 formed of a suitable material, such as a metal, and preferably a relatively lightweight, but durable metal such as aluminum, that forms the outside surface of the section 301. In the illustrated embodiment, the rigid exterior wall 302 is formed of hurricane corrugated shutter steel or aluminum, having a breaking strength of over 200 lbs per square foot. The exterior wall 302 formed of this material, or any other suitable material, can have strips of insulation 304 positioned within the spaces 306 defined by the material on the interior-facing surface of the wall 302 and extending along the length of the exterior wall 302. In addition, to further enhance the insulating and durability properties of the exterior wall 302, a suitable material, such as a polyurethane, can be sprayed over the entire outer and inner surfaces of the exterior wall 302 and insulation 304 to create a tough, resilient skin over the surfaces of the wall 302, which would otherwise be very susceptible to bumps and dents.

Looking now at FIG. 23, the perimeter of the exterior wall 302 is enclosed by a reinforcing frame 308. The reinforcing frame 308 is formed of a generally rigid material, such as a metal, and preferably steel or aluminum, and includes a pair of side rails 310 joined at opposed ends by a top rail 312 and a bottom rail 314. The corners of the frame 308 are reinforced by corner pieces 316 connected between the side rails and the adjacent top rail 312 or bottom rail 314. The frame 308 is secured in a suitable manner to the wall 302, such as by welding, to form each cover section 301.

Referring now to FIGS. 23-26, the reinforcing frame 308 of each section 301 is also laterally and rotationally movably connected at the top rail 312 to one of the top longitudinal beams 17 located along each side of the frame 9 forming shelter 1′″. At part of the structure movably securing the sections 301 to the frame 9, each frame 308 includes a pair of positioning arms 318 spaced from one another and secured to the top rail 312. Each arm 318 can be shaped as desired, and is formed of a material that is the same as or similar to that of the top rail 312 and frame 308, such that the arms 318 can be integrally formed with the top rails 312, or securely attached to the rails 312 in a suitable manner, such as by welding.

In the illustrated embodiment, each arm 318 is generally C-shaped, with an upper flat portion 320, a first angled section 322, a central vertical portion 324, a second angled portion 326 and a lower flat portion 328. The upper flat portion 320 and the lower flat portion 328 have differing lengths in order to position the section 301 at an angle with respect to the center section roof 23 to provide a downward slope away from the roof 23 to the sections 301 to enhance the ability of rain and other precipitation to be directed away from the shelter 1′″. Further, the length of the central portion 324 and the first and second angled sections 322 and 326 provides sufficient space between the upper and lower portions 320 and 328 to accommodate the beam 17 when the sections 301 are in the deployed or transport positions. Further, in the illustrated embodiment the overall length of the arm 318 positions the upper rail 312 of the section 301 below the beam 17 to define a space therebetween in order to enable the section 301 to be moved more readily with respect to the beam 17.

To movably secure the arms 318 to the beams 17, the upper portion 320 of each arm 318 includes an aperture 330. The aperture 330 can be aligned with a pair of mounting slots 332 each formed in a positioning bracket 334 affixed to the interior side of the beam 17. As best shown in FIGS. 25 and 26 each bracket 334 is formed of a rigid material capable of handling the forces exerted thereon and includes a wide section 336 secured to the beam 17 and a narrow section 338 extending outwardly form the wide section 336 towards the interior of the shelter 1′″. To assist in holding the brackets 334 in this position, a horizontal reinforcing plate 335 can be secured to the upper edge of the brackets 334, to the top of the beam 17, and to the underside of the roof 23.

The slot 332 in each bracket 334 includes a flat part 337 that extends generally horizontally within the narrow section 338 and an angled part 339 that extends in a downwardly angled direction in the wide section 336. The pairs of brackets 334 are mounted to the beam 17 to be spaced from one another a distance slightly larger than the width of the arm 318, such that the upper portion 320 can be positioned between the brackets 334 to align the aperture 330 with the slots 332. Once aligned, a bolt 340 or other suitable pivot pin member can be inserted through the aperture 330 and slots 332 and secured therein by a nut 342 to hold the arm 318 within the brackets 334 while allowing the bolt 340 to slide along and pivot within the slots 332.

As shown in FIG. 24, when the sections 301 are in the transport position, the sections 301 are positioned to the inside of the beam 17 to enable the side section 3 and 5 and floor 44 to be folded flush against the sections 301 to enable the shelter 1′″ to conform to the dimensions of a standard shipping container. In this position, the bolt 340 is positioned within the flat part 337 of the slot 332. This also allows the position of the section relative to the remainder of the shelter 1′″ to be adjusted laterally with respect to the frame 9 as desired.

The storage or transport configuration of the shelter 1′″ has the cover sections 301 extending downwardly from the brackets 334 generally vertically within the interior of the shelter 1′″ of the various panels 38 forming the side section 3 and 5 and floor sections 44 on each side of the shelter 1′″ as discussed previously. The cover sections 301 can be fixed in this position by a suitable locking mechanism (not shown) engaged between the cover sections 301 and one or more of the roof 23, the side panels 38, the floor sections 44 or the center section frame 9.

When the sections 301 are to be moved to the deployed position shown in FIGS. 24-26, each individual section 301 is slid along the flat part 337 of the slot 332 and pivoted about the bolt 340 to the desired position where the bottom rail 314 can be engaged with the top of the adjacent side section 3 or 5. In this position, the bolt 340 rests within the upper end of the angled part 339 of the slot 332. The upper end of the angled part 339 of the slot 332 is disposed above the beam 17, and thus above the upper end of the side sections 3 and 5. Therefore, this position for the pivot pin/bolt 340 in conjunction with the configuration of the arm 318, provides the downward slope to the section 301 as it extends away from the beam 17 to the adjacent side section 3 or 5.

As each cover 300 is formed of a number of separate sections 301, with four (4) sections 301 shown in the illustrated embodiment, each section 301 can be moved individually by one or more persons without the need for any mechanical assistance due to the greatly reduced weight of the individual sections 301 compared to the overall weight of the cover 300. Further, when connected to the side section 3 or 5, each individual section 301 can be connected to the adjacent sections 301 in a watertight manner to provide a continuous surface to the cover 300. This can be accomplished by sealing members (not shown) optionally similar to seals 68 and 71 attached to the side rails 310 of the frame 308 of each section 301 that directly engage similar structures on adjacent sections 301, can be separate members secured between the sections 301 when in the deployed position, or any other suitable manner.

Referring now to FIG. 27, to retain the sections 301 forming the cover 300 in engagement with the side sections 3 or 5, the bottom rails 310 on each frame 308 of the sections 301 each include recessed pockets 344 that enclose hideaway locking bar tabs 346. These tabs 346 are engageable with the locking bars 65 disposed on the side sections 3 and 5 in the same manner as the structures on the floor 21 and the cover 23. The floor 44 also includes similar pockets 344 and tabs 346 to engage the lower ends of the locking bars 65. This secure engagement of the floor 44 and cover sections 301 with the respective side sections 3 and 5 allows for larger floor and roof panels to make the largest possible expanded surface area section for the shelter 1′″.

Looking now at FIG. 24, on the interior of the shelter 1′″, the cover 23 includes a pair of mounting rails 348 that extend across the interior surface of the cover 23. These rails 348, which can be oriented longitudinally or laterally across the cover 23, enable a winch 350 to be mounted thereto. The winch 350 can be a manually or electrically operated winch and is selectively operably connected to the floor 44 in order to enable the floor 44 to be lowered or raised between the transport and deployed positions. In the illustrated embodiment, the mounting rails 348 are disposed centrally on the cover 23 within the shelter 1″ to allow the winch 350 to more evenly raise and lower of the heavy floor 44. This eliminates “racking” or twisting of the floor 44 during setup and takedown, which eliminate problems during those respective processes. Also, when the floor 44 has been moved to the fully deployed or storage position, the winch 350 can be removed from the rails 348 for storage within the shelter 1′″ until needed again.

CONCLUSION

In summary, the results and advantages of pallet handling systems for ISO cargo containers can now be more fully realized. The convertible hard side shelter provides both the ability to be transported and stored in the manner of ISO containers as well as to be converted into an expanded space for storing and working. This desirable result comes from using the combined functions of the side sections 3 and 5. When in a transport mode, the side sections fold so as to form the sides of the center section 7 having the same exterior envelope as an ISO container. A floor 44 of each side section lies vertically alongside the folded end and middle panels 40 and 41, respectively. The end and middle panels include locking bars 65 that engage the center section frame 9. The center section may include the bar 25 and channels 30 used with conventional pallet handling systems. When in a deployed mode, the side sections unfold. The side sections floors rotate to be coplanar with the center section floor 21. The end and middle panels and the door assemblies 53 lock to the side section floors to render the side sections rigid with the center section. Access to the interior of the convertible hard side shelter is through the side doors 69. The convertible hard side shelter is ideal for use as a portable tire maintenance workshop.

It will also be recognized that in addition to the superior performance of the convertible hard side shelter, its construction is such as to provide increased economy related to the transportation and storage of personnel and equipment. Also, because it follows a simple and rugged design, the convertible hard side shelter gives many years of service life with but minimal maintenance.

Thus, it is apparent that there has been provided, in accordance with the invention, a convertible hard side shelter that fully satisfies the objects, aims, and advantages set forth above. While the invention has been described in conjunction with specific embodiments thereof, it is evident that many alternatives, modifications, and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art in light of the foregoing description. Accordingly, it is intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications, and variations as fall within the spirit and broad scope of the appended claims. 

I claim:
 1. A convertible hard side shelter comprising: a. a center section having front and back ends and defining opposed first and second side planes and first and second end planes and comprising: i. a frame having a plurality of posts; ii. a center section floor on the frame; iii. a roof supported by the posts; and iv. an end door on at least the back end; and b. at least one side section comprising: i. a side section floor rotatably connected to the center section to selectively fold between a transport mode and a deployed mode; ii. a number of side section panels mounted to each other and to the center section for selective engagement with the side section floor to selectively fold between a transport mode and a deployed mode; and iii. a cover including a number of cover sections that are individually pivotally and slidably mounted to the frame adjacent the roof and selectively engageable with the side section panels to selectively fold between a transport mode and a deployed mode.
 2. The convertible hard side shelter of claim 1 further comprising: a. a number of spaced pairs of brackets secured to the frame, each including a mounting slot therein; and b. an arm secured to each cover section and pivotally and slidably engaged between the pair of brackets.
 3. The convertible hard side shelter of claim 2 wherein the mounting slot includes a flat portion and an angled portion.
 4. The convertible hard side shelter of claim 2 wherein each cover section includes a pair of spaced arms engaged with a tow pair of brackets disposed on the frame.
 5. The convertible hard side shelter of claim 2 wherein the arm is generally C-shaped.
 6. The convertible hard side shelter of claim 5 wherein the arm defines a space between the opposed ends of the arm having a width greater than the width of a beam on the frame to which the arm is engaged.
 7. The convertible hard side shelter of claim 2 wherein the cover sections define a space between the sections and the frame in the transport position.
 8. The convertible hard side shelter of claim 1 wherein the cover sections include recesses in which are disposed locking tabs that are selectively engageable with the side section panels in the deployed position.
 9. The convertible hard side shelter of claim 8 wherein the locking tabs are selectively engageable with locking bars on the side section panels, and wherein the locking bars are engageable with the frame in the transport position.
 10. The convertible hard side shelter of claim 1 further comprising: a. at least one mounting rail disposed on the interior surface of the roof; and b. at least one winch secured to the at least one mounting rail.
 11. The convertible hard side shelter of claim 10 wherein a pair of mounting rails are centrally disposed on the interior surface of the roof to position the at least one winch centrally within the container.
 12. The convertible hard side shelter of claim 1 wherein each cover section comprises: a. an exterior wall; and b. a peripheral reinforcing frame.
 13. The convertible hard side shelter of claim 12 wherein the exterior wall is corrugated.
 14. A shelter that converts between a transport mode and a deployed mode comprising: a. a center section comprising a frame with horizontal beams and corner posts, a center section floor on the horizontal beams, and a roof on the corner posts, the center section having front and back ends that define respective front and back vertical end planes, and opposed first and second sides that define respective first and second vertical side planes; and b. first and second side sections that selectively fold and unfold relative to the center section first and second sides, respectively, the shelter being in the transport mode when the sides sections are folded to lie parallel to and generally within the center section side planes and being in the deployed mode when the side sections are unfolded to lie substantially outside of the center section side planes, wherein the first and second side sections each include a cover formed of a number of individual cover sections pivotally and slidably connected to the frame.
 15. A method of sheltering persons and equipment comprising the steps of: a. providing a center section having a front end and an open back end that define respective vertical front and back end planes, and opposed first and second sides that define respective first and second vertical side planes, the first and second sides including a cover formed of a number of individual cover sections pivotally and slidably connected to the center section, and having a rigid floor, corner posts, and a rigid roof; b. folding first and second side sections to lie generally within the center section first and second side planes, respectively, to close the center sections first and second sides and cooperate with the center section floor, roof, and ends to make a shelter that is in a transport mode, wherein the cover sections are individually folded; and c. unfolding the first and second side sections to be substantially outside of the center section first and second side planes, respectively, and cooperate with the center section to convert the shelter into a deployed mode, wherein the cover sections are individually unfolded. 